With a 3D radar, the parts that used to work as two separate radars can be united in a single radar that uses only a single antenna. Uses a reflector antenna with a phased array as the primary radiator. The display shows the deviations in the current altitude. This part of the antenna is nodding in elevation in the range of from -1 degree to 8 degrees or up to 15 degrees. The upright reflector is responsible for the glide path. This part of the radar antenna pivots in a sector of about 10 degrees to the left and to the rightĪnd explores the lateral deviations from the ideal course to the runway. The transverse antenna is responsible for the course. This classic design is still used in modern radars since this type of radar is a very low-cost version. They use two parabolic antennas rotated by 90 degrees to each other, each providing a narrow The precision approach radar consisted principally of a combination of two identical radars operating at slightly different carrier frequencies The given commands to the pilot are recorded as a soundtrack to the video.Ī possible deviation of the radar (for example, due to incorrect adjustment or squinting antennas) can be detected during the evaluation of the video.īut is also divided into two independent radars as shown in Figure 1. This flight check is carried out with a small aircraft whose approach is held by radar as accurately as possible on the ideal course and glideslope.Īt the same time, deviations during the approach are documented with a high-resolution video camera fixed on the end of the runway and watching this glide path. These types of radars must be calibrated by a flight inspection at each location periodically. If the course and the altitude are correct, then this is the phrase Necessary corrections of the altitude are sent with the phrase: If the flight direction is correct, this is confirmed with the phrase The pilot can then correct his flight direction. Necessary course corrections are sent with the phrase: The air traffic controller can see from this the necessary instructions to the pilot. The detected information is displayed on workplace screens and radar information is transferred to remote ATC workplaces.Īpproach controller consoles can be situated either in theĬenter, the control tower or in radar container.Ī number of cursors and marks are displayed in addition to the current position of the approaching aircraft.

To provide radar coverage of inbound aircraft in the airfield landing pattern. The antenna of the Precision Approach Radar is always pointed toward the approach end of the runway However, only one direction can be served at the same time. Serves to realign the radar antenna to the desired runways. ApplicationĪll the PAR radar systems are capable of providing approach information to multiple runways when mounted on a turntable which The respective nominal altitude is determined at regular intervals by the air traffic controllerįrom a table and communicated to the pilot by radio. In this case, depending on the distance measured by the radar, by aīut does not utilize vertical guidance, is called This recommendation includes minimum requirements for technical parameters as well as siteĪ precision approach always needs height-finder capabilities.Īn instrument approach and landing which utilizes lateral guidance (e.g. Recommendation of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). The technical parameters that a precision approach radar should meet are referred to in a The so-called “talk down”, is its general applicability, because no additional equipment in the aircraft is needed. The advantage of the classical method of transmitting the instructions by radio, The elevation decision height point, approximately one-half mile from the touchdown point. The controller issues azimuth and elevation advisories to the pilot until the aircraft reaches The distance from the previously approaching aircraft, etc. In this situation, the radar has to provide the approach controller with maximum quality radar display complementedīy computer evaluation of speed, deviations from glide path (or glide slope) and course line,

The radar is particularly important in situations when the pilot has limited sight (because of fog, rain, etc.). The radar is placed near the mid-point of the runway (at a distance up to 6.000 ft) and works remotely. Precision Approach Radar offers the possibility of a safe landing even in poor visibility conditions. However, the use of PARs for civil applications is rapidly

Precision Approach Radar (PAR) is a primary radar used at aerodromesįor approach operations based on specific procedures for the pilot and the controller Table of Content « Precision Approach Radar »

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